純(chun)堿行業專題報道：新能源接力增長，純(chun)堿行業有望繁榮起來

1純堿：以化學合(he)成(cheng)為主的基礎(chu)化工(gong)原料

1.1純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)分(fen)類(lei)：輕純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和重純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，又(you)稱碳酸鈉、純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等，是重要的(de)化(hua)工原(yuan)料。在物理性(xing)能方面，純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在室溫(wen)下的(de)外觀為單斜(xie)針狀晶體或白色粉末，易溶于水，具(ju)有一定(ding)的(de)吸水性(xing)。就化(hua)學性(xing)質而言，純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)可(ke)分(fen)別與(yu)酸、堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和鹽反應。例如，當純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)與(yu)氫(qing)氧化(hua)鈣等堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)反應時，可(ke)以生成氫(qing)氧化(hua)鈉，這(zhe)是工業(ye)上制備燒堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)常用方法(fa)。大(da)部分(fen)純(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)廣(guang)泛應用于工業(ye)，如輕工業(ye)、日化(hua)、石油、國(guo)防(fang)、建材、醫藥等領域。

純(chun)(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)可分為(wei)(wei)(wei)輕純(chun)(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)和(he)重(zhong)純(chun)(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)，其產品特性和(he)生(sheng)產方法不同(tong)。兩者的(de)(de)化(hua)學(xue)式沒有(you)區別(bie)，只是物理形式不同(tong)。以密(mi)度為(wei)(wei)(wei)主要(yao)劃(hua)分標(biao)準(zhun)：輕質純(chun)(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)密(mi)度為(wei)(wei)(wei)500-600kg/m3，為(wei)(wei)(wei)白色粉末；重(zhong)質純(chun)(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)密(mi)度為(wei)(wei)(wei)1000-1200 kg/m3，為(wei)(wei)(wei)白色顆粒。與輕質純(chun)(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)相比，重(zhong)質純(chun)(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)具(ju)有(you)更高的(de)(de)密(mi)度和(he)更低的(de)(de)吸濕性。在生(sheng)產方法上，可以采用氨(an)堿(jian)(jian)法或復合堿(jian)(jian)法生(sheng)產輕質純(chun)(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)；重(zhong)質純(chun)(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)可通過水(shui)或輕純(chun)(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)擠(ji)壓獲得，或直接通過天然純(chun)(chun)(chun)堿(jian)(jian)法

 1.2生產。生產工藝：合成堿法、天然堿法